The congress intends to discuss past and contemporary issues of our Mediterranean cultural heritage using a multidisciplinary and comparative method. The papers are expected to delve into aspects of history, philosophy, literature and the arts which promote intercultural dialogue and respect for the diversity in Mediterranean cultures. The positive cultures which were born around the Mediterranean basin have always proved that social, political, economic and moral progress was the result of an inclusive attitude that respected diversity and was willing to interact in intercultural dialogue for a mutual sharing of knowledge and benefits. The multifaceted reflections aroused by this congress are intended to contribute to the formation of a culturally inclusive Mediterranean identity, and hence promote a healthier European one. Past and contemporary literature, philosophy, history and the arts produced in the Mediterrenean area are a polyphonic chorus of voices that are waiting to be heard since they bear witness against colonialism, postcolonialism, racism, etnocentric obscurantism, extreme nationalistic rhetoric, vexed euro-centric economic interests and religious extremism.